![]() ![]() Since the 1880s, the average global surface temperature has risen about 2 degrees Fahrenheit (1 degree Celsius). ![]() September 2019 tied as the hottest month on record for the planet. | Watch on YouTubeĮighteen of the 19 warmest years on record have occurred since 2001. Credit: NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio. The final frame represents the global temperatures five-year averaged from 2014 through 2018. Higher-than-normal temperatures are shown in red and lower-than-normal temperatures are shown in blue. This color-coded map displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies from 1880 through 2018. And some areas of the world, such as the Midwestern and Southern United States, have been inundated with rain that has resulted in catastrophic flooding. Other regions of the world, including coastal areas of the United States and many island nations, are experiencing flooding and salt water intrusion into drinking water wells as a result of sea level rise and storm surges from intense tropical storms. These events vary by geographic location, with many regions, such as the Southwest United States and parts of Central and South America, Asia, Europe, Africa and Australia, experiencing more heat, drought and insect outbreaks that contribute to increased wildfires. Some of the most visible and disruptive effects of global climate change are extreme weather and resulting disasters such as wildfires and flooding. Effects that scientists had predicted in the past are now occurring: loss of sea ice, accelerated sea level rise, shifting storm patterns and longer, more intense heat waves. Glaciers have shrunk, ice on rivers and lakes is breaking up and melting earlier in the year, precipitation patterns have changed, plant and animal habitat ranges have shifted, and trees are flowering sooner, exposing fruit blossoms to damaging erratic spring hail and deadly late frost. Global climate change, or the overall warming of our planet, has had observable effects on the environment. Read on for a look at the various kinds of extreme weather, how climate change is impacting them, and ways students can use NASA data to explore science for themselves. NASA makes this data available to the public, and students can use it to understand extreme weather events happening in their regions, learn more about weather and climate in general, and design plans for resilience and mitigation. Together, the agencies are collecting more detailed data on weather and climate than ever before, improving society's ability to predict, monitor and respond to extreme events. NASA uses airborne and space-based platforms, in conjunction with those from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or NOAA, to monitor these events and the ways in which our changing climate is contributing to them. Extreme weather events are, themselves, troublesome, but the effects of such extremes, including damaging winds, floods, drought and wildfires, can be devastating. It can range from superpowerful hurricanes to torrential downpours to extended hot dry weather and more. An extreme weather event is something that falls outside the realm of normal weather patterns.
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